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Low milk supply: What causes it?

Milk production for breastfeeding is crucial for the health and development of the child. While in most cases, women provide more milk than their babies can drink, some mothers struggle with low milk supply. This post is to help you get up to speed, including the leading causes of low milk supply and the best …

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Milk production for breastfeeding is crucial for the health and development of the child. While in most cases, women provide more milk than their babies can drink, some mothers struggle with low milk supply. This post is to help you get up to speed, including the leading causes of low milk supply and the best natural ways to increase the amount of breastmilk produced.


Causes of low milk supply


low milk supply
cottonbro studio / Pexels / “Photo of a Beautiful Mother Breastfeeding Her Baby” / Pexels license

Low milk supply can be caused by a number of issues, not all of which are in your control. Below are some common causes of insufficient breast milk:


Breast surgery: There is a high possibility that any breast surgery can impede a woman’s ability to provide enough milk for breastfeeding. However, the magnitude of the impediment varies depending on the type of surgery. According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, breast implants below the muscle usually affect milk production less than implants above the muscle.


Frequent use of the formula: Supplementing with a formula for multiple feedings throughout the day or releasing breast milk only when the baby wants signals to your body that it should produce less milk, resulting in a lower supply.


Treatment for existing medical conditions: Oral contraceptive pills containing estrogen or medications used to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) can hinder a woman’s ability to produce breast milk. Other medical conditions such as high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes can be detrimental, too.


Poor diet: Eating or drinking too little after giving birth will deteriorate the health of the mother. Adequate nourishment and hydration are required for the steady supply of breast milk. Poor diet can also make the mother ill, which might be harmful in the long run. Some over-the-counter and herbal remedies, like cold/flu tablets, can decrease milk production.


Some of the causes of low milk supply, like frequent use of formula and poor diet, can be fixed, while others like breast surgery probably cannot. If you are facing any complications where you know ahead of time that your ability to produce milk might be impacted, talk to your doctor about the best course of action.


In addition to addressing the problems above, some all natural and product-free strategies can make a big impact on your milk production. Our next section shares 5 of the most popular strategies.


Increasing milk supply


cottonbro studio / Pexels / “Mother feeding newborn baby on bed” / Pexels license

If the baby is not receiving sufficient milk, there are strategies to help the mother increase milk production. All of these strategies are natural and do not involve any products or medications. Each strategy alone should make a difference, but a combination of these might be the ideal solution. Take a look at the top 5 strategies for increasing milk supply below:


Breastfeed immediately and often: The baby will likely breastfeed within the first hour post-delivery. Regular breastfeeding boosts milk production, particularly in the initial hours, days, and weeks. The standard breastfeeding frequency for the first few weeks is eight to 12 times daily. However, imposing strict feeding schedules for babies is not recommended. Instead, the baby’s cues should be observed so that they can be fed when hungry and ready to eat. After every feeding session, the mother should pump the breasts to remove any remaining milk. This signals to the body that more milk will be needed.


Avoid pacifiers and formula: In the initial weeks, keeping babies off pacifiers or formula is better as these will make babies less interested in breastfeeding. Consistent breastfeeding, especially during the early days and weeks, is essential for increasing milk supply.


Check for feeding problems: It is suggested that the mother provide both breasts during each feeding session. As long as the baby is actively sucking and swallowing, the mother can continue with the first breast. The second breast can be offered when the baby begins to slow down or stops feeding on the first breast. Switching between breasts will ensure the baby drains the breast more efficiently.


Ensure proper latching: The baby must be latched on well so the mother and child are positioned comfortably. The latch needs to be good enough for the baby to be both sucking and swallowing.


Eat well: The mother must also pay attention to her health. Along with proper nourishment and plenty of rest, it is recommended that the mother avoid harmful substances such as alcohol and nicotine.


Please note that the advice above is just general advice, and not medical advice – that can only be given to you by your doctor. Consult a doctor or lactation consultant to determine the most suitable plan or strategies based on individual needs. Doctors can also prescribe medications, if required, to help boost milk production.


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